PRODPP130 – Preflight digital files

Overview

This standard covers the checking or 'preflighting' of digital artwork files supplied for production-scale printing.

Checking that digital artwork files are correctly configured has come to be known as 'preflighting'. For a simple piece of digital artwork in native format, it may not be difficult to preflight the file manually by opening the document in the software that created it and checking the individual components such as fonts, images, bleeds and page sizes. However, the sophistication of modern graphic art software also means that many complex issues may present themselves, such as layers, clipping paths, transparencies and colour spaces, to name a few. As a result, most documents presented for printing tend to be routinely checked using preflighting software.

It applies to you if you work in a studio, imaging bureau, pre-press department or digital printing environment and receive digital files from or on behalf of customers.

This is what the standard covers:

If you work in a studio, bureau, pre-press or printing environment you may often receive digital artwork files for printing from customers, designers or others. Sometimes you may have created or reformatted the digital artwork yourself.

In order to print the artwork successfully in a production environment - whether by screen printing, lithography, flexography, gravure or any other method – the artwork must be correctly configured for printing process, substrates, and any post-press operations that will follow printing.

There are a large number of parameters within digital artwork files that must be checked prior to sending the job to print. International and national organisations have produced standards or specifications for printing and / or digital artwork, including:

  1. The International Organisation for Standardisation - ISO 12647 (Process control for the production of half-tone colour separations, proofs and production prints).
  2. The Ghent Workgroup - has specifications for PDF files, including formats such as PDF/X-1a and PDF/X-3
  3. The UK's Periodical Publishers Association – has issued 'Pass4Press' specifications for artwork so that it will reproduce properly in periodicals printed by high speed web presses.

Performance criteria

You must be able to:

Preflight digital artwork files

  1. provide file specifications and details of external standards, specifications, profiles or job options for the creation of pdf files to digital artwork originators or suppliers in accordance with organisational procedures
  2. identify which digital artwork files to preflight check and advise the file supplier or originator when the format is not acceptable
  3. determine appropriate parameters in the artwork to be checked in accordance with organisational procedures
  4. determine the appropriate typical values, settings or external specification which artwork parameters should comply with
  5. select appropriate profile, rules or values against which to compare digital artwork
  6. preflight artwork file(s) using the most appropriate electronic preflight software
  7. review and save preflight reports in suitable electronic or paper based format in accordance with organisational requirements
  8. determine the significance of issues reported from electronic preflighting against organisational expectations
  9. pass the significant findings of preflight reports to customers or other relevant people in accordance with organisational requirements
  10. communicate issues and their solutions in accordance with organisational procedures

Interpret and report the results of preflighting digital artwork files

  1. determine whether artwork meets external standards or specifications
  2. carry out accurate analysis of preflight reports and identify any reasons why external standards or specifications have not been met
  3. determine from preflight reports, whether failure to meet standards prevent files from being used for their intended purpose
  4. review and interpret preflight reports and determine whether any alerts, errors, warnings or other information in the report indicate issues that will prevent files being used for their intended purpose
  5. report delays when digital artwork cannot proceed to the next stage in accordance with organisational procedures
  6. communicate any significant issues causing non-compliance of digital artwork files in accordance with organisational procedures
  7. advise on what needs to be done to correct files in accordance with organisational procedures
  8. maintain quality assurance or other records in line with organisational requirements

Knowledge and understanding

You need to know and understand

  1. the law as it affects printing: copyright and ownership of images, image requirements, data protection
  2. hazards and risks in your own job, their assessment and the action to take to deal with them
  3. manufacturers' and suppliers' health and safety requirements relevant to your job
  4. how to safely handle customer material
  5. computer system security and virus protection
  6. how to communicate with colleagues and customers
  7. when to communicate with originators or suppliers of digital artwork and colleagues
  8. workplace objectives, priorities, standards and procedures
  9. the identification and assessment of printing options
  10. the stages in the printing process from pre-press to printed product
  11. the relationship between resource usage and profitability
  12. the set-up of preflighting software
  13. the operation of preflighting software
  14. the principles of layout and imposition, including the use and placement of marks and control guides
  15. the principles of the printing processes for which digital artwork files are intended
  16. the relationship between image size, file size and resolution
  17. font management
  18. colour management
  19. RGB versus CMYK and other colour models
  20. file management procedures
  21. the international standards and specifications for digital files
  22. the causes and treatment of common faults
  23. file conversion techniques
  24. the common reasons for missing fonts and images
  25. knockout versus overprinting
  26. recording and reporting procedures
  27. the main features of quality assurance and quality control systems
  28. the purpose and benefits of preflighting including the identification of layers, clipping paths, transparencies and colour spaces
  29. the organisational expectations of preflighting
  30. the principles of preflighting and how to operate preflight software
  31. how to interpret preflight reports

Scope/range

The operator can work with preflighting software to check that digital artwork files are correctly configured for print. The preflight software can either check 'native' artwork files (for example Quark or InDesign documents) or only PDF files. It may be 'standalone' preflighting software or part of a workflow.

The operator is a highly skilled specialist capable of identifying any issue that could prevent a digital artwork file from being used satisfactorily for the printing process for which it was intended.

It is not sufficient to simply run a pre-configured preflight software programme or workflow module and then pass the report on to someone else.

Keywords: digital, print, pre-press, pre-flight, files